Sunday, February 24, 2008

IPA chart for English


This concise chart shows the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent English language pronunciations.

See Pronunciation respelling for English for phonetic transcriptions used in different dictionaries.

Note: An image of the chart is also available.
IPA Examples
IPA: English Consonants
p pen, spin, tip
b but, web
t two, sting, bet
d do, odd
tʃ chair, nature, teach
dʒ gin, joy, edge
k cat, kill, skin, queen, unique, thick
ɡ go, get, beg
f fool, enough, leaf, off
v voice, have, of
θ thing, teeth
ð this, breathe, father
s see, city, pass
z zoo, rose
ʃ she, sure, emotion, leash
ʒ pleasure, beige
x Scottish loch[1]
h ham
m man, ham
n no, tin
ŋ ringer, sing,[2] finger, drink
l left, bell
ɹ run, very[3]
w we
j yes
ʍ what[4]
 
IPA: Marginal Sounds
ʔ uh-(ʔ)oh
IPA Examples
England
RP[5]
United States
GA
Australia
AuE
New Zealand
NZE
Scotland
ScE
South Africa
SAE
IPA: English Vowels
ɑː ɑ aː ɐː a
father
ɪ ɪ ɪ ɘ ɪ
sit
i ɪi i i i
city
ɪi iː iː
see
ɛ ɛ e e ɛ
bed[6]
ɜː(ɹ) ɝ/ɹ̩ ɜː(ɹ) ɵː(ɹ) ʌɾ, ɛɾ,
ɪɾ[7]

burr, berm, bird
æ æ æ,
æː[8]
ɛ a
lad, bad, cat[9]
ɑː(ɹ) ɑɹ aː(ɹ) ɐː(ɹ) aɾ
arm, car
ʌ ʌ a ɐ ʌ
run, enough
ɒ ɑ ɔ ɒ ɔ
not, wasp
ɔː ɔ oː oː
law, caught[10]
ʊ ʊ ʊ ʊ ʉ
put, wood
ʊu ʊu ʉː ʉː
soon, through
ə ə ə ɘ ə
about
ə(ɹ) ɚ/ɹ̩ ə(ɹ) ɘ(ɹ) əɾ
winner[11]
 
IPA: English Diphthongs
eɪ eɪ æɪ æe e
day, pain
aɪ aɪ ɑe ɑe aɪ
my, wise
ɔɪ ɔɪ oɪ oe  ?
boy
əʊ oʊ əʉ ɐʉ o
no, tow
aʊ aʊ æɔ æo aʊ
now
ɪə(ɹ) ɪɹ ɪə(ɹ) iə(ɹ) iɾ
near, here
eə(ɹ) ɛɹ eː(ɹ) eə(ɹ) eɾ
hair, there[12]
ʊə(ɹ) ɔɹ oː(ɹ) oː(ɹ) oɾ
tore
ʊɹ, ɔɹ ʊə(ɹ),
ʉːə(ɹ)
ʊə(ɹ),
ʉːə(ɹ)
uɾ
tour
IPA: Other symbols used in transcription of English pronunciation
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), for example rapping /ˈɹæpɪŋ/
ˌ Secondary stress/full vowel, for example ' /ˈbætl̩ˌʃɪp/
. Syllable separator, for example ice cream /aɪs.krim/ vs. I scream /aɪ.skrim/
 ̩ Syllabic consonant, for example ridden /ˈɹɪdn̩/

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